Note

• These basic piping examples are recommended for use in general-purpose applications, and are sometimes not applicable to special conditions. Contact TACMINA separately for such applications.
• We recommend flushing inside the pump and piping with water* after installation and piping work are finished. Foreign objects enter the pump and piping during this work, and often cause malfunctions.
  * Allow the pump and piping to dry fully when feeding liquids that are affected by water.

1. Plan the piping on the tank and pump suction side to be as short and simply configured as possible.
2. Select a pipe size that fits the pump to be used. (pump standard aperture or wider)
3. If there is the risk of dirt entering the piping, be sure to provide a strainer on the suction side.
4. Provide an exhaust pipe at the suction side, if necessary (for example, when feeding volatile liquids or gas-generating liquids such as sodium hypochlorite) Transparent tube on the rising side can also be used for measurement.
5. Be sure to use an air chamber or accumulator when extending the piping on the discharge side. Extending piping increases piping resistance and causes abnormal pressure which might cause the pump diaphragm to rupture or damage the eccentric shaft. Attaching an air chamber or accumulator reduces pulsation and piping resistance (inertia resistance).
   * The problem of inertia resistance does not occur if you use a pulseless pump.
6. To effectively reduce pulsation, the amount of liquid flowing to the piping side must be adjusted so that it is the same as that flowing to the air chamber or accumulator.
   Attach a throttle valve for adjusting the amount of liquid at the discharge size of the air chamber and accumulator.
7. When an air chamber is used, limit the air pressure to 0.5 MPa. If an air chamber is used with the air pressure exceeding 0.5 MPa, air dissolves extremely quickly in liquid, and the air in the chamber will disappear in a short time. This causes pulsation to increase, leading to abnormal pressure. Another problem, contact with air, occurs at this time, necessitating use of an accumulator.
8. When an accumulator is used it is considerably effective as air does not directly contact air which prevents air from dissolving into liquids and liquids from oxidizing and degrading. In particular, an accumulator is an effective means at pressures of 1 MPa or more. However, the inside of an accumulator is made of rubber. Contact TACMINA when an accumulator is used in applications where organic solvents or acids will cause corrosion problems.
9. Be sure to provide a relief valve when using an air chamber or accumulator. Otherwise, abnormal air pressure will build up and rupture the air chamber or cause the pump to malfunction if the air chamber runs out of air, or the accumulator malfunctions.
10. Consider replenishing air in the air chamber when the pressure gauge needle fluctuates to about twice the normal pressure.
11. If you are using a duplex or triplex pulseless pump, liquids can be metered and fed at a constant flow rate without the use of an air chamber or accumulator. So, be sure to consider this type of pump, too.